key term - Magnetic damping

Definition

Magnetic damping is the process by which eddy currents produced in a conductor moving through a magnetic field dissipate kinetic energy, reducing the motion of the conductor. It is commonly used to slow down moving objects without physical contact.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Magnetic damping occurs due to eddy currents that generate opposing magnetic fields according to Lenz's Law.
2. The effectiveness of magnetic damping depends on the conductivity and thickness of the material as well as the strength of the magnetic field.
3. It is widely used in applications like electromagnetic brakes in trains and amusement park rides for smooth deceleration.
4. The principle of conservation of energy applies, where kinetic energy is converted into thermal energy within the conductor.
5. Magnetic damping is non-contact and thus eliminates wear and tear associated with traditional frictional braking systems.

Review Questions

Related terms

Eddy Currents:

Circulating currents induced within conductors by changing magnetic fields, responsible for energy losses and heating effects.

Lenz's Law:

A principle stating that an induced current will flow in a direction that opposes the change in magnetic flux that produced it.

Electromagnetic Induction:

$\text{The generation of an electromotive force (EMF) across a conductor when it experiences a change in magnetic flux.}$