key term - Lorentz force

Definition

The Lorentz force is the force experienced by a charged particle moving through an electric and magnetic field. It is given by the equation $\mathbf{F} = q(\mathbf{E} + \mathbf{v} \times \mathbf{B})$, where $q$ is the charge, $\mathbf{E}$ is the electric field, $\mathbf{v}$ is the velocity of the particle, and $\mathbf{B}$ is the magnetic field.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Lorentz force acts perpendicular to both the velocity of the charged particle and the magnetic field.
2. The magnitude of the magnetic part of the Lorentz force can be calculated using $F = qvB\sin(\theta)$, where $\theta$ is the angle between $\mathbf{v}$ and $\mathbf{B}$.
3. In a uniform magnetic field, a charged particle will move in a circular or helical path due to the Lorentz force.
4. The direction of the Lorentz force can be determined using the right-hand rule for positive charges and left-hand rule for negative charges.
5. If only a magnetic field is present (i.e., no electric field), then $\mathbf{F} = q(\mathbf{v} \times \mathbf{B})$.

Review Questions

Related terms

Magnetic Field ($\mathbf{B}$): A vector field that exerts a magnetic force on moving electric charges and magnetic dipoles.

Electric Field ($\mathbf{E}$): A vector field representing the Coulomb force per unit charge exerted on an electrically charged object.

Right-Hand Rule:

A mnemonic used to predict directions in electromagnetism, such as current flow or forces in relation to fields.