Internal resistance is the opposition to the flow of current within a battery or power source, causing a voltage drop when current flows. It affects the terminal voltage and efficiency of the power source.
5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test
Internal resistance causes a reduction in the terminal voltage compared to the electromotive force (EMF) of a power source.
The internal resistance can be modeled as a resistor in series with an ideal voltage source.
As current increases, the voltage drop across the internal resistance increases, reducing terminal voltage.
Internal resistance is typically measured in ohms ($\Omega$).
Factors like temperature, age, and chemical composition of batteries affect their internal resistance.