💏intro to chemistry review
Hydroxides
Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Definition
Hydroxides are chemical compounds containing the hydroxide ion, $OH^{-}$. They often form when metals react with water or oxygen.
5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test
- Hydroxides of alkali metals such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and potassium hydroxide (KOH) are highly soluble in water and are strong bases.
- Transition metal hydroxides like iron(III) hydroxide (Fe(OH)_3) are generally less soluble and can form precipitates.
- Aluminum hydroxide, Al(OH)_3, is amphoteric, meaning it can react with both acids and bases.
- Calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)_2, also known as slaked lime, is used in the preparation of mortar and plaster.
- Hydroxides play a significant role in neutralization reactions where acids react with bases to form water and salts.