Alkenes
Definition
Alkenes are hydrocarbons that contain at least one carbon-carbon double bond (C=C). They are unsaturated compounds with the general formula $C_nH_{2n}$.
5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test
- Alkenes undergo addition reactions, where the double bond opens up to add new atoms or groups.
- The simplest alkene is ethene (ethylene), with the chemical formula $C_2H_4$.
- In alkenes, the carbon atoms involved in the double bond are sp2 hybridized and have a trigonal planar geometry.
- Common reactions involving alkenes include hydrogenation, halogenation, and hydrohalogenation.
- The presence of a double bond makes alkenes more reactive than alkanes.
Review Questions
- What is the general formula for alkenes?
- Describe the type of hybridization and geometry found in an alkene's double-bonded carbons.
- Name three common types of reactions that involve alkenes.
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Related terms
Hydrogenation: A chemical reaction where hydrogen is added to an alkene, converting it into an alkane.
Halogenation: A reaction where a halogen (such as chlorine or bromine) is added to an alkene, resulting in a dihalide.
Unsaturated Hydrocarbons: Hydrocarbons that contain double or triple bonds between carbon atoms, such as alkenes and alkynes.
