key term - Canada

Definition

Canada is a vast country located in North America, known for its rich history, diverse culture, and significant role within the British Empire. The relationship between Canada and Britain was pivotal during the colonial era, as Canada developed from a collection of British colonies into a self-governing dominion while maintaining ties to the British Crown.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Canada became a self-governing dominion within the British Empire on July 1, 1867, with the passage of the British North America Act.
2. The expansion of Canada in the 19th century included significant land acquisitions and the incorporation of territories that were previously under Indigenous control.
3. Canada's relationship with Britain evolved over time, leading to greater autonomy, particularly after World War I and through the Statute of Westminster in 1931.
4. Throughout its colonial period, Canada was heavily influenced by British culture, law, and governance structures, which remain evident in its legal system today.
5. The loyalty of Canadian troops during both World Wars reinforced Canada's status as an important member of the British Empire and contributed to its growing national identity.

Review Questions

• How did the British North America Act contribute to Canada's development as a nation?
  • The British North America Act of 1867 was crucial in shaping Canada's national identity by uniting several provinces into a single dominion. This act provided a framework for governance that allowed for local control while still being part of the British Empire. It established parliamentary institutions and laid the groundwork for future provinces to join, facilitating Canada's growth and solidifying its status as a self-governing entity under British rule.
• Discuss the impact of Loyalist settlement on Canadian society after the American Revolutionary War.
  • The arrival of Loyalists after the American Revolutionary War significantly impacted Canadian society by introducing new political ideals and cultural influences. They brought with them British customs, language, and governance practices, which helped shape Canadian identity. The Loyalists' contributions also led to demographic changes in regions like Ontario and New Brunswick, where their settlement fostered loyalty to Britain and a distinct Canadian character separate from American influences.
• Evaluate how Canada's relationship with Britain evolved from colonial times through the 20th century, particularly regarding autonomy and governance.
  • Canada's relationship with Britain transformed dramatically from its colonial roots to a more autonomous status throughout the 20th century. Initially reliant on Britain for governance and military support, Canada gradually gained independence through key milestones like the Statute of Westminster in 1931, which granted full legislative freedom. This shift was further emphasized by Canada's contributions during both World Wars, which fostered national pride and a desire for complete sovereignty. By recognizing its own identity separate from Britain while maintaining cultural connections, Canada evolved into a fully independent nation by the late 20th century.

Related terms

British North America Act: The 1867 legislation that united the provinces of Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia into the Dominion of Canada, marking the beginning of Canadian confederation.

Loyalists: American colonists who remained loyal to the British Crown during the American Revolutionary War and settled in Canada after the war, significantly influencing Canadian society and politics.

Imperial Preference: A trade policy that favored British goods over those from other countries, which helped strengthen economic ties between Canada and Britain during the imperial period.