key term - Pro-annexation

Definition

Pro-annexation refers to the support or advocacy for the incorporation of a territory into a sovereign state, particularly in the context of Hawaii's annexation by the United States. This term highlights the political, social, and economic motivations that drove individuals and groups to favor annexation, often underpinned by ideas of American expansionism and manifest destiny. The pro-annexation movement played a crucial role in shaping the fate of Hawaii during the late 19th century as it transitioned from an independent kingdom to a territory of the United States.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Pro-annexation sentiments were fueled by a mix of economic interests, particularly from American planters who sought greater control over sugar trade.
2. Key figures in the pro-annexation movement included politicians and business leaders who lobbied for Hawaii's annexation to secure American influence in the Pacific.
3. The pro-annexation stance gained momentum after the overthrow of the Hawaiian monarchy, as many believed it would stabilize governance and attract more investment.
4. Supporters argued that annexation would provide security against potential foreign threats, particularly from Japan, amidst growing geopolitical tensions in the region.
5. The pro-annexation movement culminated in the passage of the Newlands Resolution in 1898, formally incorporating Hawaii as a U.S. territory.

Review Questions

• What were some of the key motivations behind the pro-annexation movement in Hawaii during the late 19th century?
  • The pro-annexation movement in Hawaii was driven by various motivations, including economic interests from American planters who wanted greater control over sugar production and trade. Political figures saw annexation as a way to strengthen American influence in the Pacific and prevent foreign interference. Additionally, supporters believed that annexation would stabilize governance following the overthrow of Queen Liliʻuokalani and enhance security against potential threats.
• How did key events, such as the overthrow of the Hawaiian monarchy, influence public opinion toward pro-annexation?
  • The overthrow of Queen Liliʻuokalani in 1893 significantly shifted public opinion toward pro-annexation sentiments. Many viewed this event as a catalyst for change, leading to fears of instability without American intervention. Business leaders and politicians argued that annexation would restore order and protect economic interests in Hawaii. Consequently, public support grew as people began to see annexation as a solution to both political turmoil and economic opportunity.
• Evaluate the impact of pro-annexation sentiments on Hawaii's cultural identity and political status post-annexation by the United States.
  • Pro-annexation sentiments had a profound impact on Hawaii's cultural identity and political status following its incorporation into the United States. The transition from an independent kingdom to a U.S. territory marginalized native Hawaiian governance structures and traditions, leading to cultural erosion as American values and systems were imposed. This shift also fostered tensions between native Hawaiians who opposed annexation and newcomers who benefited from U.S. policies, creating a complex socio-political landscape that continues to affect Hawaii's identity today.

Related terms

Annexation:

The process by which a state incorporates territory into its domain, often involving political maneuvering and negotiations.

Manifest Destiny: The 19th-century belief that American expansion across the continent was justified and inevitable, promoting the idea of spreading democracy and civilization.

Overthrow of the Hawaiian Monarchy: The 1893 coup that led to the removal of Queen Liliʻuokalani and paved the way for the eventual annexation of Hawaii by the United States.