History of Science
DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the hereditary material in all known living organisms and many viruses, serving as the blueprint for the development and functioning of life. It encodes genetic information through sequences of nucleotides, which are made up of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. The ability to manipulate and understand DNA has been pivotal in fields like genetic engineering and biotechnology, allowing scientists to modify organisms for various applications.
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