🍁history of canada – before 1867 review

key term - Great Compromise

Definition

The Great Compromise was an agreement reached during the Charlottetown and Quebec Conferences that established a bicameral legislature for Canada, balancing representation between the provinces and the federal government. This compromise was essential in addressing the varying interests of both smaller and larger provinces, aiming to create a more equitable system of governance within the newly proposed confederation. It played a critical role in shaping the political landscape of Canada leading up to its confederation in 1867.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

  1. The Great Compromise resulted in the establishment of the House of Commons and the Senate in Canada, where representation was based on population in the Commons and equal representation for provinces in the Senate.
  2. It was crucial in alleviating tensions between larger provinces like Ontario and smaller ones like Prince Edward Island, ensuring that all provinces felt fairly represented.
  3. The agreement reflected a balance of power that allowed for both regional interests and national governance to coexist within Canada's new political structure.
  4. The Great Compromise was influenced by earlier discussions and proposals at the Charlottetown Conference, where leaders from various colonies gathered to discuss potential union.
  5. The successful implementation of the Great Compromise ultimately contributed to the passage of the British North America Act in 1867, which formally created the Dominion of Canada.

Review Questions

  • How did the Great Compromise address the concerns of both larger and smaller provinces during the Confederation discussions?
    • The Great Compromise effectively balanced the representation of larger provinces, which wanted proportional representation based on population, with the interests of smaller provinces that feared being overshadowed. By establishing a bicameral legislature with the House of Commons representing population and the Senate providing equal representation for all provinces, it ensured that each province had a voice in governance. This approach helped ease tensions among delegates at both the Charlottetown and Quebec Conferences.
  • Discuss how the Great Compromise influenced the structure of Canada's government post-Confederation.
    • The Great Compromise was pivotal in shaping Canada's governmental structure after Confederation by creating a dual system where power is shared between federal and provincial governments. This allowed for a division of responsibilities, with certain powers reserved for local governments while maintaining a strong national government. The compromise laid down foundational principles that guided Canada’s federal system, ensuring that diverse regional interests were represented and respected within a unified framework.
  • Evaluate the long-term impacts of the Great Compromise on Canadian political development and unity among provinces.
    • The Great Compromise had significant long-term impacts on Canadian political development by establishing a framework that allowed for regional autonomy while fostering national unity. This balance encouraged cooperation among provinces and helped mitigate regional tensions over time, contributing to a stable political environment. The principles set forth by this compromise continue to resonate in contemporary discussions about federalism in Canada, illustrating its importance in shaping a nation that values both local governance and collective identity.