Skull

Definition

The skull is a bony structure that forms the head in vertebrates, providing protection for the brain and support for the structures of the face. It consists of two main parts: the cranium and the facial bones.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The human skull consists of 22 bones, which are joined by sutures, except for the mandible.
2. The cranium encloses and protects the brain while the facial bones provide cavities for sensory organs such as eyes, ears, and nose.
3. The foramen magnum is a large opening at the base of the skull through which the spinal cord connects to the brain.
4. In addition to protection, some skull bones contain sinuses which help reduce bone mass and improve voice resonance.
5. During development, an infant's skull has fontanelles (soft spots) that allow for growth of the brain and skull.

Review Questions

• What are the two main parts of the human skull?
• How many bones make up the human skull and how are they mostly connected?
• What is the significance of fontanelles in an infant's skull?

Related terms

Cranium:

Part of the skull that encloses and protects the brain.

Mandible: The lower jawbone, which is not fused with other cranial bones.

Foramen Magnum: A large opening at the base of the skull through which the spinal cord passes.