Neurobiology

Definition

Neurobiology is the study of the nervous system and its functions. It encompasses the molecular, cellular, developmental, structural, and functional aspects of the brain and nervous system.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Neurobiology includes the study of neurons, which are the basic building blocks of the nervous system.
2. The field explores how nerve cells communicate through synapses using neurotransmitters.
3. Neurobiological research often involves understanding diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
4. It examines both central (brain and spinal cord) and peripheral (nerves throughout the body) nervous systems.
5. Neuroplasticity, or the brain's ability to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections, is a key concept in neurobiology.

Review Questions

Related terms

Neuron: A cell that transmits nerve impulses; the fundamental unit of the brain and nervous system.

Synapse:

The junction between two neurons where communication occurs via neurotransmitters.

Neurotransmitter: Chemical substances that transmit signals across a synapse from one neuron to another.