Biochemistry

Definition

Biochemistry is the study of chemical processes within and related to living organisms. It is a laboratory-based science that combines biology and chemistry using chemical knowledge and techniques.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Biochemistry focuses on the molecular components of cells, including proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids.
2. Enzymes are a crucial subject in biochemistry as they act as catalysts for biochemical reactions.
3. Metabolism, which includes catabolic and anabolic pathways, is a central topic in biochemistry.
4. DNA replication, transcription, and translation are fundamental processes studied in biochemistry.
5. ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is often called the energy currency of the cell and is a key molecule discussed in biochemistry.

Review Questions

• What are the four major types of biomolecules studied in biochemistry?
• How do enzymes influence biochemical reactions?
• Why is ATP considered essential for cellular functions?

Related terms

Metabolism: The set of life-sustaining chemical reactions in organisms involving catabolic and anabolic pathways

Enzyme: A protein that acts as a catalyst to speed up chemical reactions in biological systems

Nucleic Acids: Biomolecules like DNA and RNA that carry genetic information essential for growth, development, and reproduction