pH is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution, defined as the negative logarithm (base 10) of the hydrogen ion concentration. It ranges from 0 to 14, with lower values being more acidic and higher values more basic.
5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test
The pH scale is logarithmic, meaning each whole number change represents a tenfold increase or decrease in hydrogen ion concentration.
A pH of 7 is considered neutral, which is the pH of pure water at 25°C.
pH can be calculated using the formula $\text{pH} = -\log_{10}[H^+]$ where $[H^+]$ is the hydrogen ion concentration in moles per liter.
In algebraic terms, if you know the pH value, you can find $[H^+]$ using exponential functions: $[H^+] = 10^{-\text{pH}}$.
The properties of logarithms such as product, quotient, and power rules are essential when solving pH-related problems.
A function in which an independent variable appears in the exponent. Commonly expressed as $f(x) = b^x$.
Hydrogen Ion Concentration: The amount of hydrogen ions present in a solution, typically expressed in moles per liter ($[H^+]$). Directly related to the solution's pH.