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PH

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College Algebra

Definition

pH is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution, defined as the negative logarithm (base 10) of the hydrogen ion concentration. It ranges from 0 to 14, with lower values being more acidic and higher values more basic.

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5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

  1. The pH scale is logarithmic, meaning each whole number change represents a tenfold increase or decrease in hydrogen ion concentration.
  2. A pH of 7 is considered neutral, which is the pH of pure water at 25°C.
  3. pH can be calculated using the formula $\text{pH} = -\log_{10}[H^+]$ where $[H^+]$ is the hydrogen ion concentration in moles per liter.
  4. In algebraic terms, if you know the pH value, you can find $[H^+]$ using exponential functions: $[H^+] = 10^{-\text{pH}}$.
  5. The properties of logarithms such as product, quotient, and power rules are essential when solving pH-related problems.

Review Questions

  • What does a pH value indicate about a solution's acidity or alkalinity?
  • How do you calculate the hydrogen ion concentration from a given pH value?
  • What logarithmic property would you use to solve for pH when given a product of concentrations?
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