key term - Insulator

Definition

An insulator is a material that does not allow electric charges (usually electrons) to move freely through it. It has high resistivity and does not conduct electricity easily.

Related terms

Conductor: A conductor is the opposite of an insulator. It is a material that allows electric charges to move freely through it.

Band Gap: The band gap is the energy range in which no electron states are available for conduction in an insulator or semiconductor.

Polarization:

In the context of insulators, polarization refers to the separation of positive and negative charges within a material when subjected to an external electric field.