The wave function is a mathematical description of the behavior and properties of a quantum system. It provides information about the probability distribution of finding a particle in different states.
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Quantum mechanics is the branch of physics that deals with the behavior and interactions of particles on very small scales, such as atoms and subatomic particles.
Probability density refers to the likelihood per unit volume or space for finding a particle at any given point in space. It is derived from the square magnitude of the wave function.
Superposition: Superposition refers to the ability of quantum systems to exist in multiple states simultaneously until measured or observed, whereupon it collapses into one specific state.