Buffer capacity refers to the amount of acid or base that can be added to a buffer solution before its pH starts to change significantly.
Acidic Buffer: A solution that has a pH less than 7 and is able to neutralize added bases.
Basic Buffer: A solution that has a pH greater than 7 and is able to neutralize added acids.
The process in which an acid or base is gradually added to a solution until the pH changes significantly, often used to determine the buffer capacity.