Coagulase

Definition

Coagulase is an enzyme produced by certain bacteria that enables the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin, leading to blood clot formation. It is a virulence factor that helps these bacteria evade immune responses.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Coagulase is primarily associated with Staphylococcus aureus.
2. There are two types of coagulase: bound coagulase (clumping factor) and free coagulase.
3. Bound coagulase can directly convert fibrinogen to fibrin on the bacterial cell surface, causing cell clumping.
4. Free coagulase interacts with a plasma protein called coagulase-reacting factor (CRF) to form a complex that then converts fibrinogen to fibrin.
5. The presence of coagulase is used in laboratory settings to differentiate Staphylococcus aureus from other staphylococcal species.

Review Questions

• What is the primary function of the enzyme coagulase in pathogenic bacteria?
• Which type of bacteria is most commonly associated with the production of coagulase?
• How does bound coagulase differ from free coagulase in terms of its action?

Related terms

Virulence Factor: A molecule produced by pathogens that contributes to the pathogenicity and enables them to colonize a host.

Staphylococcus aureus: A gram-positive bacterium known for causing various infections and producing numerous toxins and enzymes, including coagulase.

Fibrinogen: A plasma protein that is converted into fibrin by thrombin during blood clotting.