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🎨AP Art & Design

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3.2 Sustained Investigations

Verified for the 2025 AP Art & Design exam4 min readLast Updated on June 18, 2024

What is a Sustained Investigation (SI)?

A Sustained Investigation (SI) makes up the majority of your AP portfolio. It should be a cohesive body of work that significantly explores an inquiry.

The Inquiry is the work created through the process of developing, creating, revising, and exploring the idea of your guiding question.

What is a Guiding Question?

Your guiding question is an idea that you are interested in EXPLORING, EXPANDING, and REVISING over a year-long investigation (hence the name Sustained Investigation) 🙌🏽. While it does not have to be written as a question, that might help you to think of the resulting work as being a direct answer to a question being posed. 

**Pro Tip: A guiding question needs to be significantly broad to give you ample area to explore, but defining enough to GUIDE you. Think of it as a thesis statement for your art. 😉 When someone reads it they will know what they will see in the rest of the work. Check out the Guiding Question post for more information.  **

What Should I Have in My SI?

If you use the analogy that the Guiding Question is the thesis of your SI, then the work is the body of the paper. The work will be all of the information generated by your exploration: sketchbook pages, media trials, unfinished work, work that changes your direction, ideas you explore that don't quite work out, and any finished pieces you create.

How Many Pieces Make Up a SI?

The simple and, oddly, not so simple answer to this is you have fifteen IMAGE SPACES to show your work. What you put in them is up to you. I hear you asking "What can I put in these spaces?". Well, here's your answer!

  • These spaces can be used to show sketchbook work, early drafts, and materials trials—these would be considered documentation. It will show how you thought, planned, and revised the idea or resulting work as your SI progressed.
  • If you want to show progress shots. To show the work as it progresses in a linear fashion, try a composite image. With the composite image, you could show multiple stages of the work or different views. Be wise with progress shots, as they might not be the best way to show inquiry and may, instead, just show time passing.
  • If you want to show a detail shot of a finished piece, you can use one. 🔍 The rule for detail shots is to show SUBSTANTIALLY more evidence about an important section of a work. They are not just filler pieces. The shot needs to include vital information to support your investigation.
  • You will show finished pieces. 🖼️

You don't have to have 15 FINISHED PIECES, just 15 images. Those 15 images are the visual evidence that you used practice, experimentation, and revision throughout the extended period of your SI. You can use whatever combination of the list above in order to best demonstrate your investigation. Choose them wisely.

Are There Any "Rules" About My SI?

Yes. There are several "rules" that you need to know so that you can plan your work and time accordingly.

  • You have 15 image spaces.
  • Your work should have a Guiding Question that directs an Inquiry over a sustained period of time, typically a semester or a year.
  • You will need to SHOW the physical evidence that DIRECTLY TIES and supports your Inquiry.
  • Make sure you show PROCESS, EXPERIMENTATION, and REVISION as defined by the AP Art and Design rubric.

Can I change my SI?

YES! 👍🏽 It is expected that your original idea will change and grow over time. Your SI should not be a direct line from point A to point B. Think of it as a journey, an artistic road trip ..... sometimes you stop along the way, try different routes, etc.

A great visual example of this is to think of your SI as a tree branch. While there's the main part that grows out, there are smaller branches that spring off of it and grow in different directions. Remember, sometimes those smaller branches, have even smaller branches growing off of them, too. 🌱

How Much Does My SI Count?

Your SI counts for 60% of your overall score. We will go over HOW the score breaks down in another post, but keep in mind 30% of the overall score comes from the inquiry identified and explored in your SI.

Key Terms to Review (9)

AP Art and Design Rubric: The AP Art and Design Rubric is a set of criteria used to assess students' artworks and sustained investigations, focusing on creativity, technique, and overall presentation. It is essential for evaluating both selected works and ongoing projects, providing a structured framework for feedback and improvement throughout the creative process.
Composite Image: A composite image is an artwork created by combining multiple images or elements into a single cohesive piece. This technique allows artists to explore complex narratives, blend different visual styles, and create striking visual effects that convey deeper meanings. By merging various components, artists can challenge perceptions and present innovative interpretations of their subject matter.
Detail shot: A detail shot is a close-up image that focuses on a specific part of a subject, often emphasizing texture, shape, or small elements that might be overlooked in wider shots. This type of shot plays a critical role in visual storytelling by drawing attention to significant details, adding depth and context to the overall narrative. In the context of sustained investigations, detail shots can reveal the intricate aspects of a work and enhance the viewer's understanding of the artist's intention.
Experimentation: Experimentation is the process of trying out new ideas, methods, or materials in art to discover innovative ways of expressing concepts. It encourages artists to step outside their comfort zones, explore various techniques, and challenge traditional norms, leading to unique and original works that can enhance personal style and artistic growth.
Guiding Question: A guiding question is a central inquiry that directs the focus of an investigation or project, providing clarity and purpose to the work. It serves as a framework for both the artist's exploration and the audience's understanding, helping to shape the narrative and intent behind the artistic process.
Media trials: Media trials refer to the intense scrutiny and public opinion shaping that occurs through mass media coverage surrounding a legal case, often influencing perceptions of guilt or innocence before a verdict is reached. This phenomenon can create a 'trial by media' environment, where the coverage can overshadow the actual judicial process, impacting how cases are perceived by society at large.
Process: Process refers to the series of actions, steps, or stages that an artist goes through to develop their work, leading to the final outcome. It encompasses experimentation, exploration, and reflection, helping to inform artistic decisions and shape the direction of a project. In art, understanding process is crucial as it reveals the journey behind the creation, showcasing how ideas evolve and materials are manipulated over time.
Sketchbook pages: Sketchbook pages are the canvases for an artist's ideas, experimentation, and visual exploration, often documenting the creative process through drawings, notes, and concept development. These pages serve as a crucial element in sustained investigations, as they allow artists to engage in iterative thinking and reflection on their artistic journeys, capturing thoughts and inspirations that can lead to final works.
Sustained Investigation (SI): Sustained Investigation (SI) is a process within art-making that emphasizes in-depth exploration and development of a theme or idea over an extended period. This approach allows artists to engage deeply with their subject, experimenting with various techniques and concepts while reflecting on their progress, ultimately resulting in a cohesive body of work that showcases their creative journey.
AP Art and Design Rubric
See definition

The AP Art and Design Rubric is a set of criteria used to assess students' artworks and sustained investigations, focusing on creativity, technique, and overall presentation. It is essential for evaluating both selected works and ongoing projects, providing a structured framework for feedback and improvement throughout the creative process.

Term 1 of 9

How does the concept of a 'guiding question' in a Sustained Investigation relate to the development of an artist's portfolio over time?

1 of 2
AP Art and Design Rubric
See definition

The AP Art and Design Rubric is a set of criteria used to assess students' artworks and sustained investigations, focusing on creativity, technique, and overall presentation. It is essential for evaluating both selected works and ongoing projects, providing a structured framework for feedback and improvement throughout the creative process.

Term 1 of 9

How does the concept of a 'guiding question' in a Sustained Investigation relate to the development of an artist's portfolio over time?

1 of 2


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AP® and SAT® are trademarks registered by the College Board, which is not affiliated with, and does not endorse this website.