A thermodynamic system refers to a specific region or object under study that is separated from its surroundings by boundaries. It can be an open system, closed system, or isolated system.
Think of a thermodynamic system like a fish tank. The fish tank represents the boundaries of the system, and everything inside it (the water, plants, and fish) is part of the system. Anything outside the tank is considered the surroundings.
Surroundings: The surroundings refer to everything outside the boundaries of the thermodynamic system.
Open System: An open system allows both matter and energy to be exchanged with its surroundings.
Closed System: A closed system only allows energy transfer with its surroundings but not matter exchange.
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