Normal forces are contact forces exerted by a surface to support an object resting on it. They act perpendicular to the surface and counterbalance external forces.
Imagine you're standing on a trampoline, and as you bounce up, you feel a push back from the trampoline that keeps you from falling through it. That push back is similar to how normal forces work - they keep objects from sinking into or passing through surfaces.
Gravitational constant (G): The gravitational constant (G) represents the strength of the gravitational force between two objects.
Frictional Forces: Frictional forces are resistive forces that oppose motion when two surfaces are in contact with each other.
Tension Forces: Tension forces occur when an object is pulled or stretched by a rope, string, or any other type of flexible connector.
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