Ii7 chord

Definition

A ii7 chord is a predominant seventh chord built on the second degree of a scale, consisting of the root, third, fifth, and seventh degrees. This chord typically functions to create tension that resolves to the dominant chord (V) in a progression, making it essential for establishing harmonic movement and providing a sense of direction within a musical phrase.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The ii7 chord is often found in major and minor keys and plays a crucial role in creating smooth transitions between chords.
2. When the ii7 chord resolves to the V chord, it forms a strong dominant function that propels the music toward the tonic.
3. Voice leading with a ii7 chord involves careful movement of each voice to create smooth melodic lines while maintaining harmonic integrity.
4. The ii7 chord can appear in various inversions, allowing for different bass notes and voicing options that affect its sound and function.
5. In common practice harmony, the ii7 chord is typically approached by the tonic or another predominant chord, establishing a rich harmonic framework.

Review Questions

• How does the ii7 chord function as a predominant seventh chord in relation to other chords in a progression?
  • The ii7 chord serves as a predominant seventh chord by creating tension that naturally resolves to the dominant chord (V). This relationship is essential in establishing harmonic movement within a progression. When it leads to the V chord, it provides a strong sense of direction towards resolution to the tonic, reinforcing the overall structure of tonal music.
• Discuss how voice leading principles apply when working with ii7 chords in inversions.
  • Voice leading principles emphasize smooth melodic movement between chords. When working with ii7 chords in different inversions, it's important to consider how each voice moves to minimize large leaps and maintain contour. For example, inverting the ii7 can change the bass note while still allowing upper voices to resolve effectively into the V chord. This results in more cohesive and engaging harmonic progressions.
• Evaluate the impact of using a ii7 chord in compositions across various musical styles and genres.
  • The use of the ii7 chord has significantly influenced compositions across different musical styles and genres. In jazz, for instance, it often appears in extended progressions that explore complex harmonies. In classical music, its predominant function helps create tension before resolving to dominant chords. Understanding its application allows composers to craft more sophisticated harmonic landscapes while maintaining traditional tonal relationships. This versatility demonstrates its importance in both functional harmony and creative expression.

Related terms

Diatonic Chords:

Chords that are formed using only the notes within a specific key, adhering to the scale degrees without introducing accidentals.

Dominant Chord: A chord built on the fifth scale degree that usually contains a major triad plus a minor seventh, often leading to the tonic chord.

Seventh Chord: A chord that includes four notes: the root, third, fifth, and seventh intervals from the root note, adding depth and complexity to harmonic progressions.