Flow separation occurs when fluid detaches from a surface due to adverse pressure gradients. This phenomenon leads to wake formation, increased drag, and reduced lift. Understanding flow separation is crucial for designing efficient aerodynamic and hydrodynamic systems.
Engineers employ various techniques to control flow separation and minimize its effects. These methods include streamlining body shapes, active flow control like boundary layer suction, and passive control such as vortex generators. Mastering these techniques is essential for optimizing fluid flow in real-world applications.
Flow Separation
Flow separation causes
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Boundary layer detaches from a solid surface when fluid lacks sufficient momentum to overcome adverse pressure gradient (increasing pressure in flow direction)