Iconic Buddhist Sculptures to Know for Arts of East Asia

Buddhist sculptures across East Asia showcase the rich history and cultural exchange of the region. From the serene Buddha of Sarnath to the monumental Leshan Giant Buddha, these iconic works reflect deep spiritual meanings and artistic achievements throughout time.

1. Buddha of Sarnath

   • Represents the moment of the Buddha's first sermon after attaining enlightenment.
   • Features the iconic "Dharmachakra" mudra, symbolizing the turning of the wheel of Dharma.
   • Carved from sandstone, showcasing the early Indian style of sculpture.

2. Seated Buddha from Gandhara

   • Influenced by Greco-Roman art, blending Hellenistic and Buddhist styles.
   • Depicts the Buddha in a meditative pose, emphasizing serenity and wisdom.
   • Notable for its realistic drapery and facial expressions, reflecting cultural exchange.

3. Fasting Buddha (Emaciated Ascetic Gautama)

   • Illustrates the Buddha during his extreme ascetic practices before enlightenment.
   • Emphasizes the physical suffering and spiritual quest of Gautama.
   • Highlights the transition from asceticism to the Middle Way in Buddhist philosophy.

4. Amitabha Buddha of Kamakura

   • A monumental statue representing the Pure Land sect of Buddhism.
   • Known for its serene expression and welcoming posture, symbolizing compassion.
   • Reflects the influence of Japanese Buddhist art and the Kamakura period.

5. Leshan Giant Buddha

   • The largest stone Buddha statue in the world, carved into a cliff face.
   • Represents Maitreya, the future Buddha, and is a UNESCO World Heritage site.
   • Symbolizes the integration of Buddhist art with natural landscapes.

6. Tian Tan Buddha (Big Buddha) in Hong Kong

   • A large bronze statue symbolizing peace and harmony.
   • Located on Lantau Island, it attracts pilgrims and tourists alike.
   • Represents the modern interpretation of Buddhist values in contemporary society.

7. Daibutsu (Great Buddha) of Kamakura

   • A monumental bronze statue of Amida Buddha, a national symbol of Japan.
   • Originally housed in a temple, now stands in the open air, reflecting resilience.
   • Represents the shift towards a more accessible form of Buddhism in Japan.

8. Vairocana Buddha at Longmen Grottoes

   • A central figure in Mahayana Buddhism, symbolizing the cosmic Buddha.
   • Carved from limestone, showcasing intricate details and surrounding bodhisattvas.
   • Reflects the artistic achievements of the Tang dynasty and Buddhist devotion.

9. Seokguram Grotto Buddha

   • A granite statue located in a hermitage, representing the transcendent nature of the Buddha.
   • Surrounded by a circular stone chamber, enhancing its spiritual ambiance.
   • Exemplifies the integration of natural and architectural elements in Korean Buddhism.

10. Buddhas of Bamiyan (destroyed)

    • Once the largest standing Buddhas in the world, carved into the cliffs of Afghanistan.
    • Represented the cultural and religious diversity of the region before their destruction in 2001.
    • Symbolized the historical significance of Buddhism along the Silk Road.