Essential Interviewing Techniques

Effective interviewing is key in newswriting. It involves thorough preparation, asking open-ended questions, and actively listening. Building rapport and maintaining objectivity help create a comfortable environment, ensuring accurate and insightful reporting that captures the interviewee's true perspective.

1. Prepare thoroughly before the interview

   • Research the interviewee's background and expertise to ask informed questions.
   • Familiarize yourself with the topic to guide the conversation effectively.
   • Prepare a list of questions and topics to cover, but remain flexible.

2. Develop open-ended questions

   • Frame questions that encourage detailed responses rather than simple yes/no answers.
   • Use prompts like "Can you explain..." or "What are your thoughts on..." to elicit more information.
   • Avoid leading questions that may bias the interviewee's responses.

3. Listen actively and attentively

   • Focus on the interviewee's words, showing genuine interest in their responses.
   • Avoid interrupting; allow them to finish their thoughts before responding.
   • Use verbal nods or affirmations to indicate you are engaged in the conversation.

4. Use follow-up questions to clarify or expand on answers

   • Ask for elaboration on points that are unclear or particularly interesting.
   • Encourage the interviewee to provide examples or anecdotes to enrich the discussion.
   • Be prepared to pivot based on the interviewee's responses to explore new avenues.

5. Maintain objectivity and avoid bias

   • Approach the interview with an open mind, free from preconceived notions.
   • Present questions neutrally to avoid influencing the interviewee's answers.
   • Report findings accurately, reflecting the interviewee's perspective without personal bias.

6. Establish rapport with the interviewee

   • Start with small talk or icebreakers to create a comfortable atmosphere.
   • Show empathy and understanding to build trust and encourage openness.
   • Be respectful and professional to foster a positive interaction.

7. Take accurate notes or use recording devices (with permission)

   • Record key points and quotes to ensure accuracy in reporting.
   • If using a recording device, inform the interviewee and obtain their consent.
   • Review notes immediately after the interview to capture any additional thoughts.

8. Be aware of body language and non-verbal cues

   • Observe the interviewee's facial expressions and gestures for additional context.
   • Be mindful of your own body language to convey attentiveness and respect.
   • Adjust your approach based on the interviewee's comfort level and reactions.

9. Respect the interviewee's time and privacy

   • Be punctual and keep the interview within the agreed time frame.
   • Avoid prying into personal matters unless relevant and appropriate.
   • Ensure confidentiality if requested, and clarify how the information will be used.

10. Verify facts and quotes after the interview

• Cross-check information provided during the interview with reliable sources.
• Reach out to the interviewee for clarification on any ambiguous statements.
• Ensure that all quotes are accurately represented in your final piece.