The diamond problem occurs in multiple inheritance when a class inherits from two classes that both inherit from a single common base class, creating an ambiguity in the method resolution order (MRO). This can lead to unexpected behavior or errors if not properly managed.
Multiple Inheritance: A feature allowing a class to inherit attributes and methods from more than one parent class.
Mixin Class: A type of class designed to provide methods to other classes through inheritance without being intended as a standalone base class.
Method Resolution Order (MRO): The order in which Python looks for methods in a hierarchy involving multiple inheritance, governed by the C3 linearization algorithm.