Rapidity is a concept used in special relativity to describe the measure of velocity in a way that is more convenient than traditional speed, particularly when dealing with relativistic effects. It is defined as the hyperbolic angle corresponding to the Lorentz transformation, allowing for an easier comparison of velocities in different reference frames. This concept is especially important in particle physics, where particles often move at speeds close to the speed of light, making traditional velocity calculations cumbersome.
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