Periodic motion

Definition

Periodic motion is a type of motion that repeats itself at regular intervals. Examples include the oscillation of a pendulum and the vibrations of a guitar string.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The period ($T$) is the time it takes for one complete cycle of periodic motion.
2. Frequency ($f$) is the number of cycles per unit time, typically measured in Hertz (Hz).
3. The relationship between period and frequency is given by $f = \frac{1}{T}$.
4. Simple harmonic motion is a specific type of periodic motion where the restoring force is directly proportional to displacement.
5. In a mass-spring system, the period $T$ depends on both the mass ($m$) and the spring constant ($k$), given by $T = 2\pi \sqrt{\frac{m}{k}}$.

Review Questions

• What is the relationship between period and frequency?
• How does increasing the mass affect the period in a mass-spring system?
• Describe simple harmonic motion in terms of force and displacement.

Related terms

Period: The time required to complete one full cycle of periodic motion.

Frequency: The number of cycles completed per unit time, measured in Hertz (Hz).

Simple Harmonic Motion: A type of periodic motion where the restoring force is directly proportional to displacement from equilibrium.