Enhanced geothermal systems

Definition

Enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) are advanced technologies designed to extract heat from the Earth's crust in areas where traditional geothermal resources are not available. By artificially creating permeability in hot rock formations, EGS allows for the circulation of water or other fluids to capture geothermal energy more effectively. This innovative approach expands the potential for geothermal energy production beyond conventional sites, tapping into a larger portion of the Earth's geothermal resources.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. EGS can be implemented in regions without naturally occurring geothermal resources, significantly broadening the areas suitable for geothermal energy development.
2. The process typically involves injecting water into deep rock formations, where it is heated and then brought back to the surface to generate electricity.
3. EGS can provide a consistent and reliable energy source since it does not depend on surface conditions or weather like some renewable energy sources.
4. Environmental considerations are important in EGS development, as proper management of water resources and seismic activity is crucial to avoid potential negative impacts.
5. Research and investment in EGS technology are growing as countries seek sustainable energy solutions and aim to reduce reliance on fossil fuels.

Review Questions

• How do enhanced geothermal systems differ from traditional geothermal systems in their approach to energy extraction?
  • Enhanced geothermal systems differ from traditional geothermal systems primarily in how they access heat. Traditional systems rely on natural geothermal reservoirs with sufficient permeability and water availability, while EGS actively creates permeability in hot rock formations using techniques like hydraulic fracturing. This allows EGS to tap into previously unusable geological areas, thereby expanding the potential for geothermal energy production.
• What environmental concerns must be addressed when developing enhanced geothermal systems, and how can these issues be managed?
  • When developing enhanced geothermal systems, environmental concerns include the management of water resources and the potential for induced seismicity due to hydraulic fracturing. To address these issues, careful site selection, monitoring of geological activity, and responsible water use practices are essential. Additionally, regulations and best practices must be implemented to minimize any adverse environmental impacts while ensuring the sustainable operation of EGS.
• Evaluate the potential economic impacts of widespread adoption of enhanced geothermal systems on global energy markets and sustainability efforts.
  • Widespread adoption of enhanced geothermal systems could significantly impact global energy markets by providing a stable and reliable source of renewable energy. As countries shift towards sustainable energy solutions, EGS could reduce dependency on fossil fuels, contributing to lower greenhouse gas emissions and enhancing energy security. Economically, this shift may create new job opportunities in the renewable energy sector and stimulate investments in related technologies. Furthermore, as EGS matures, it may lead to decreased costs for geothermal energy production, making it a competitive alternative in global energy markets.

Related terms

Geothermal Reservoir: A natural underground formation that contains hot water or steam that can be used for energy extraction.

Hydraulic Fracturing: A method used to create fractures in the Earth's crust to enhance permeability, allowing fluids to flow more freely in EGS.

Binary Cycle Power Plant: A type of geothermal power plant that uses a secondary fluid with a lower boiling point to generate electricity from geothermal heat.