Enhanced Geothermal Systems

Definition

Enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) are a type of geothermal energy technology that involves the creation of reservoirs in hot, dry rock formations by injecting water at high pressure. This process enhances the natural geothermal resources, allowing for the extraction of heat from the Earth for energy production. EGS can significantly expand the potential for geothermal energy applications beyond traditional hydrothermal resources, making it a crucial player in sustainable energy solutions.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Enhanced geothermal systems can be developed in areas without traditional hydrothermal resources, broadening the geographical range for geothermal energy production.
2. The process involves drilling deep wells into hot rock formations and injecting cold water to create steam, which can then be used to generate electricity.
3. EGS has the potential to produce a continuous and reliable source of energy, making it a valuable option for meeting increasing energy demands.
4. Environmental concerns related to EGS mainly include induced seismicity, which can occur due to changes in subsurface pressure and fluid movement.
5. Current research is focused on improving the efficiency of EGS technology and minimizing environmental impacts to promote its wider adoption in the renewable energy sector.

Review Questions

• How do enhanced geothermal systems differ from traditional hydrothermal resources in terms of their geological requirements?
  • Enhanced geothermal systems differ from traditional hydrothermal resources primarily in that they can be implemented in areas without naturally occurring hot water reservoirs. While traditional systems rely on existing hydrothermal resources that have hot water and steam present, EGS creates artificial reservoirs by injecting water into hot rock formations. This ability allows EGS to be developed in a broader range of geological settings, thus increasing the potential for geothermal energy production.
• What are the environmental concerns associated with enhanced geothermal systems, particularly regarding induced seismicity?
  • Induced seismicity is one of the main environmental concerns associated with enhanced geothermal systems. The process of injecting water at high pressures into rock formations can alter subsurface pressures, potentially leading to minor earthquakes. This phenomenon raises questions about the safety and stability of EGS operations. As a result, careful monitoring and management strategies are crucial to minimize seismic risks while developing this promising renewable energy source.
• Evaluate the potential impact of enhanced geothermal systems on future renewable energy strategies and their role in reducing dependence on fossil fuels.
  • Enhanced geothermal systems could significantly influence future renewable energy strategies by providing a stable and continuous source of clean energy that reduces reliance on fossil fuels. Unlike intermittent sources like wind and solar power, EGS can deliver baseload power generation, meaning it can consistently produce electricity regardless of weather conditions. As technology advances and efficiency improves, EGS has the potential to play an integral role in a diversified energy portfolio, helping to meet global energy demands while addressing climate change concerns.

Related terms

Hydrothermal Resources: Geothermal resources that contain hot water and steam naturally occurring in underground reservoirs, which can be tapped for energy production.

Geothermal Power Plant: A facility that converts geothermal energy into electricity, using steam or hot water from the Earth to drive turbines.

Heat Exchange: The process of transferring heat from one medium to another, which is a key component in both traditional and enhanced geothermal systems.