Elastase

Definition

Elastase is a proteolytic enzyme that breaks down elastin, a key component of connective tissue. It is produced by certain bacteria and fungi as a virulence factor to facilitate tissue invasion.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Elastase helps pathogens degrade host tissues, aiding in their spread.
2. It targets elastin, which provides elasticity to the skin, lungs, and blood vessels.
3. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Aspergillus fumigatus are known to produce elastase as part of their pathogenic mechanisms.
4. Inhibition of elastase can reduce the virulence of some pathogens.
5. Elastase activity is often measured using substrates like elastin or synthetic peptides in laboratory settings.

Review Questions

• What role does elastase play in microbial pathogenicity?
• Name two pathogens that produce elastase and describe its function in each.
• Why might inhibiting elastase be a potential therapeutic strategy?

Related terms

Proteases: Enzymes that break down proteins into smaller peptides or amino acids.

Virulence Factors: Molecules produced by pathogens that contribute to the pathogenicity and promote infection.

Exotoxins: Toxic substances secreted by bacteria into their environment.