Nucleate boiling is a phase change process where vapor bubbles form on a heated surface and then grow as heat is transferred from the surface to the liquid. This process occurs when the temperature of the surface exceeds the saturation temperature of the liquid, leading to the formation of discrete vapor bubbles that detach and rise through the liquid. Nucleate boiling is significant because it represents an efficient mode of heat transfer and is commonly observed in many industrial applications, including cooling systems and heat exchangers.
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