Beta cell

Definition

Beta cells are specialized cells located in the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas that produce and release insulin, a hormone essential for regulating blood sugar levels. These cells respond to rising blood glucose by secreting insulin, which facilitates the uptake of glucose by body tissues.

Related terms

Insulin:

A hormone produced by beta cells that helps lower blood glucose levels by promoting its uptake into the body's cells.

Glucagon:

A hormone produced by alpha cells of the pancreas that raises blood glucose levels, acting as a counterbalance to insulin.

Islets of Langerhans:

Clusters of pancreatic cells that contain both beta and alpha cells and play a crucial role in glucose regulation within the body