Shivering

Definition

Shivering refers to a defect that occurs in ceramic materials during the firing process, where small cracks or chips appear on the surface of the glaze. This phenomenon can result from rapid temperature changes or poor application of glaze, leading to a loss of aesthetic quality and structural integrity in the final piece.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Shivering can occur when a glaze is applied too thickly, which may cause stress points during the firing process.
2. Rapid cooling or uneven heating within the kiln can lead to shivering by creating thermal shock in the ceramic piece.
3. This defect is more common in glazes with high alumina content that are applied to low-fire clay bodies.
4. Understanding the proper glaze application techniques can help prevent shivering, ensuring a smoother finish.
5. Regular testing of glaze formulations and firing schedules can reduce the likelihood of shivering occurring in finished works.

Review Questions

• What are some common causes of shivering in ceramic pieces, and how can these be prevented?
  • Common causes of shivering include thick glaze application, rapid cooling, and poor compatibility between the glaze and clay body. To prevent shivering, artists should apply glazes in thin, even layers, maintain controlled cooling rates during firing, and ensure that the glaze has a good fit with the clay. Testing different glazes and firing schedules can also help identify potential issues before committing to larger projects.
• Discuss how understanding glaze fit can influence the risk of shivering in ceramic art.
  • Understanding glaze fit is essential for reducing the risk of shivering because it involves knowing how different materials interact under heat. A well-fitting glaze will expand and contract at similar rates as the clay body, minimizing stress during firing. When there is a mismatch, such as using a high-expansion glaze on a low-expansion clay, shivering becomes more likely. Therefore, selecting compatible materials is key to achieving a successful final piece.
• Evaluate how mastering the drying and firing processes can impact the overall quality of ceramic work and minimize defects like shivering.
  • Mastering drying and firing processes significantly impacts the quality of ceramic work by directly affecting structural integrity and surface appearance. Proper drying techniques prevent moisture-related issues before firing, while controlled firing schedules ensure even heat distribution and gradual temperature changes. By being mindful of these factors, artists can minimize defects like shivering, resulting in stronger, aesthetically pleasing pieces that meet their artistic vision. This mastery also contributes to an artist's ability to innovate with glazes and techniques effectively.

Related terms

Crazing: Crazing is a defect characterized by a network of fine cracks in the glaze surface, typically caused by a mismatch between the expansion and contraction rates of the clay body and the glaze during firing.

Glaze Fit: Glaze fit refers to the compatibility of the glaze with the clay body, ensuring that both materials expand and contract at similar rates to prevent defects like shivering and crazing.

Firing Temperature: Firing temperature is the specific heat level at which ceramics are fired in a kiln, affecting their final properties and susceptibility to defects such as shivering.