Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Written by the Fiveable Content Team • Last updated September 2025
Definition
Onchocerca volvulus is a parasitic worm that causes onchocerciasis, also known as river blindness. It is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected blackfly.
5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test
Onchocerca volvulus primarily infects subcutaneous tissues and eyes, leading to severe itching and visual impairment.
The lifecycle of Onchocerca volvulus includes both human hosts and blackfly vectors from the Simuliidae family.
Ivermectin is the primary drug used to treat onchocerciasis by killing the microfilariae produced by adult worms.
Wolbachia bacteria living symbiotically within Onchocerca volvulus are targeted by doxycycline treatment, which indirectly harms the worm.
Annual or biannual mass drug administration programs are crucial in controlling and eliminating onchocerciasis in endemic regions.