Chlorine

Definition

Chlorine is a potent chemical disinfectant widely used to control microbial growth in water and on surfaces. It disrupts cellular processes, leading to the death of microorganisms.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Chlorine is highly effective against bacteria, viruses, and fungi.
2. It works by oxidizing cellular components and disrupting cell membranes.
3. Chlorine can be used in various forms, including chlorine gas, sodium hypochlorite (bleach), and calcium hypochlorite.
4. The effectiveness of chlorine as a disinfectant can be influenced by pH levels and the presence of organic matter.
5. Overuse of chlorine can lead to the development of resistant microbial strains.

Review Questions

• How does chlorine kill microorganisms?
• What factors influence the effectiveness of chlorine as a disinfectant?
• In what forms can chlorine be applied for microbial control?

Related terms

Disinfectant: A chemical agent used to destroy or inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms.

Sodium Hypochlorite: A chemical compound often used as bleach for disinfection purposes.

Oxidizing Agent: A substance that has the ability to oxidize other substances, effectively killing or inhibiting microbial growth.