Adhesion
Definition
Adhesion is the process by which pathogens attach themselves to the cells of the host. This is a critical initial step in the establishment of an infection.
5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test
- Adhesion is mediated by surface molecules called adhesins that bind to specific receptors on host cells.
- Common adhesins include fimbriae, pili, and glycocalyx structures like capsules and slime layers.
- The specificity of adhesion can determine the tissue tropism (preference for certain tissues) of a pathogen.
- Adhesion can trigger host immune responses and may lead to inflammation or tissue damage.
- Some pathogens use multiple adhesion mechanisms to increase their ability to colonize the host.
Review Questions
- What role do adhesins play in microbial pathogenicity?
- Which structures are commonly involved in bacterial adhesion?
- How does adhesion influence tissue tropism for pathogens?
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Related terms
Fimbriae: Hair-like appendages on bacteria that help in attachment to surfaces.
Glycocalyx: A sticky layer surrounding some bacterial cells that aids in adherence and protection.
Receptors: Specific molecules on host cell surfaces that bind to pathogen adhesins.
