Walt Whitman

Definition

Walt Whitman was an American poet, essayist, and journalist, best known for his groundbreaking collection of poems titled 'Leaves of Grass.' His work is celebrated for its innovative free verse style and themes of democracy, individuality, and the connection between humanity and nature. Whitman's poetry marked a significant shift in American literature, reflecting the ideals and emotional depth of the Romantic movement.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Whitman's first edition of 'Leaves of Grass' was published in 1855 and contained only 12 poems; he continued to revise and expand it throughout his life.
2. His poem 'Song of Myself' is considered one of the most important works in American literature, encapsulating his views on identity and the interconnectedness of all people.
3. Whitman was influenced by the democratic ideals of his time, promoting the idea that poetry should be accessible to everyone, reflecting the voices of ordinary individuals.
4. He often wrote about the American experience, celebrating the diversity of people and landscapes found across the nation.
5. Whitman's open sexuality and candid treatment of themes like love and death were controversial during his time, pushing boundaries in both literature and societal norms.

Review Questions

• How did Walt Whitman's writing style represent a departure from traditional poetic forms of his time?
  • Walt Whitman's writing style was revolutionary due to his use of free verse, which broke away from traditional meter and rhyme schemes. This approach allowed him to capture a more authentic voice that reflected everyday speech and emotions. By employing long lines and a conversational tone, Whitman conveyed expansive themes of democracy and individuality while inviting readers into a more personal connection with his work.
• Discuss how Whitman's themes resonate with the ideals presented in Romanticism.
  • Whitman's themes closely align with those found in Romanticism, particularly in their celebration of individualism and the natural world. His poetry often emphasizes personal experience and emotional depth, reflecting a belief in the inherent goodness of humanity. By exploring concepts such as self-reliance and the connection between people and nature, Whitman embodies the Romantic spirit while also pushing it into new territories through his unique style.
• Evaluate the impact of Walt Whitman's work on future generations of poets and writers within American literature.
  • Walt Whitman's influence on American literature has been profound, inspiring countless poets and writers to embrace free verse and explore themes of identity, democracy, and human connection. His bold approach to subject matter paved the way for modernist writers who sought to challenge conventions in their own works. By encouraging a diverse range of voices and experiences, Whitman's legacy continues to shape contemporary literature, making him a pivotal figure in the evolution of poetic expression.

Related terms

Transcendentalism: A philosophical movement that emerged in the early 19th century, emphasizing the inherent goodness of people and nature, and advocating for self-reliance and individual intuition.

Free Verse: A form of poetry that does not adhere to regular meter or rhyme schemes, allowing poets greater freedom in expression and structure.

Romanticism:

An artistic and intellectual movement that originated in the late 18th century, characterized by an emphasis on emotion, nature, and individualism, often reacting against industrialization and rationalism.