Paradise Lost

Definition

Paradise Lost is an epic poem written by John Milton, first published in 1667, that explores the biblical story of the Fall of Man. The poem intricately delves into themes of free will, obedience, and redemption, presenting a complex portrayal of Satan, Adam, and Eve as they navigate temptation and the consequences of disobedience to God. As a monumental work of literature, it significantly influences subsequent authors and highlights the tensions between faith and reason during a transformative period in English literature.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Milton wrote Paradise Lost during a time of political upheaval in England, reflecting his views on liberty and authority amid the English Civil War.
2. The poem is divided into twelve books, using blank verse to convey its epic narrative, which was innovative for its time.
3. Paradise Lost presents complex characters with depth; Satan is portrayed not just as evil but as a tragic figure whose pride leads to his downfall.
4. Milton's exploration of free will and obedience raises important questions about human nature and the moral implications of choices made by Adam and Eve.
5. The work's rich imagery and allusions have had a lasting impact on English literature, influencing writers from the Romantic era onward, including poets like Wordsworth and Blake.

Review Questions

• How does Milton's portrayal of Satan in Paradise Lost challenge traditional views of evil?
  • In Paradise Lost, Milton presents Satan as a complex character who embodies both rebellion and tragedy. Instead of being portrayed solely as a symbol of evil, he is depicted as a figure who struggles with pride and ambition. This nuanced representation challenges traditional views by inviting readers to consider the motivations behind his actions, highlighting themes of free will and the consequences of choice.
• Analyze how the themes of free will and obedience are developed throughout Paradise Lost.
  • Free will and obedience are central themes in Paradise Lost, illustrated through the choices made by Adam and Eve. Milton explores the idea that while humans are given the gift of free will, their decisions can lead to dire consequences. The poem portrays Adam and Eve's disobedience as an exercise of their free will, ultimately leading to their expulsion from Eden, emphasizing that with freedom comes responsibility.
• Evaluate the impact of Paradise Lost on later literary works and thought regarding morality and human nature.
  • Paradise Lost has significantly influenced later literary works by shaping discussions around morality, human nature, and the complexities of good versus evil. Its deep exploration of characters' internal struggles has resonated with writers and philosophers alike. The themes introduced by Milton regarding free will, temptation, and redemption continue to be relevant today, inspiring authors to engage with these concepts in diverse ways across various genres.

Related terms

Epic Poetry: A lengthy narrative poem that often involves heroic deeds and events significant to a culture or nation.

Satan: The central antagonist in Paradise Lost, who embodies rebellion against divine authority and represents the struggle for free will.

Theodicy: A theological concept that seeks to explain why a benevolent God permits evil and suffering in the world, a central theme in Paradise Lost.