American Federation of Labor

Definition

The American Federation of Labor (AFL) is a national federation of labor unions in the United States, founded in 1886 by Samuel Gompers and other trade union leaders. The AFL focused on promoting the interests of skilled workers through collective bargaining, political advocacy, and organizing efforts. Its establishment marked a significant moment in the historical development of organized labor, as it aimed to unify various craft unions under a single umbrella to strengthen their collective power.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The AFL was established in 1886 and became the largest labor organization in the United States by the early 20th century.
2. It initially excluded unskilled workers and those in mass production industries, focusing mainly on skilled trades.
3. Samuel Gompers served as the AFL's first president and emphasized pragmatic approaches to labor issues, advocating for shorter workdays and higher wages.
4. The AFL played a key role in influencing labor laws and policies, helping to secure rights such as the eight-hour workday and safer working conditions.
5. In 1955, the AFL merged with the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) to form the AFL-CIO, broadening its influence across different sectors of labor.

Review Questions

• How did the founding of the American Federation of Labor reflect the needs and challenges faced by workers during the late 19th century?
  • The founding of the American Federation of Labor in 1886 addressed the growing need for organized representation among workers facing harsh conditions during the industrial revolution. Many workers experienced long hours, unsafe environments, and low wages. By unifying various craft unions under one federation, the AFL aimed to strengthen their bargaining power against employers and advocate for improved working conditions and fair pay.
• Analyze the strategies employed by the American Federation of Labor to achieve its goals for skilled workers.
  • The American Federation of Labor utilized several strategies to achieve its goals, primarily focusing on collective bargaining, political lobbying, and organizing efforts. By negotiating contracts on behalf of skilled workers, the AFL sought to secure better wages and working conditions. Additionally, it actively engaged in political advocacy to influence legislation related to labor rights. This multifaceted approach helped the AFL grow in membership and effectiveness throughout its early years.
• Evaluate the impact of the American Federation of Labor on modern labor movements and its relevance in today’s workforce.
  • The American Federation of Labor laid foundational principles that continue to shape modern labor movements today. Its emphasis on collective bargaining and political advocacy set standards for how unions operate in negotiating with employers. The AFL's legacy persists as contemporary labor organizations strive for similar goals—ensuring fair wages, job security, and safe working conditions. As today's workforce faces new challenges like gig economy jobs and automation, the strategies developed by the AFL remain crucial for advocating workers' rights in evolving economic landscapes.

Related terms

Craft Unions: Labor unions that represent workers who share a specific trade or skill, often focusing on skilled labor such as carpenters, electricians, and plumbers.

Collective Bargaining: The process through which employers and union representatives negotiate employment terms, including wages, hours, and working conditions.

Industrial Workers of the World: A radical labor organization founded in 1905 that sought to unite all workers and advocated for direct action and industrial unionism, contrasting with the AFL's craft-based approach.