Climate change

Definition

Climate change refers to long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns, primarily driven by human activities such as burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial processes. These changes lead to extreme weather events, rising sea levels, and significant impacts on ecosystems and human societies. The phenomenon is a pressing global challenge that requires coordinated responses and policies to mitigate its effects.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. New Zealand has committed to reducing its greenhouse gas emissions under international agreements like the Paris Agreement, aiming for net-zero emissions by 2050.
2. The country is particularly vulnerable to climate change impacts, including rising sea levels that threaten coastal communities and changes in rainfall patterns affecting agriculture.
3. New Zealand's government has implemented policies such as the Emissions Trading Scheme to encourage businesses to reduce their carbon footprint.
4. Indigenous Māori perspectives are increasingly recognized in discussions about climate change, emphasizing the importance of sustainability and stewardship of the land.
5. The impact of climate change on biodiversity is significant in New Zealand, with unique species facing threats from habitat loss and changing ecosystems.

Review Questions

• How do greenhouse gases contribute to climate change, and what actions has New Zealand taken to address this issue?
  • Greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane trap heat in the atmosphere, leading to global warming. New Zealand has taken significant actions to address this by committing to reducing emissions through various policies, including its Emissions Trading Scheme. This system incentivizes businesses to cut down on their greenhouse gas outputs, showcasing New Zealand's proactive approach in tackling the challenges posed by climate change.
• Discuss how indigenous Māori perspectives influence New Zealand's approach to climate change mitigation and adaptation.
  • Indigenous Māori perspectives significantly influence New Zealand's approach to climate change through their emphasis on sustainability and guardianship of the land. These views highlight the importance of integrating traditional knowledge with modern scientific practices in environmental management. The incorporation of Māori principles into climate strategies fosters a holistic understanding of environmental stewardship, which is crucial for effective adaptation and mitigation efforts.
• Evaluate the effectiveness of New Zealand's climate policies in addressing both local and global aspects of climate change.
  • New Zealand's climate policies have made strides in addressing local challenges, such as coastal vulnerabilities and agricultural impacts. However, while commitments like aiming for net-zero emissions by 2050 are significant on a global scale, there are ongoing debates about the actual implementation and effectiveness of these policies. Evaluating their success involves assessing both their impact on reducing emissions domestically and how they contribute to global climate goals, highlighting the balance needed between national interests and international responsibilities.

Related terms

greenhouse gases: Gases like carbon dioxide and methane that trap heat in the atmosphere, contributing to global warming and climate change.

sustainability: The practice of meeting present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own, often linked to environmental stewardship and climate action.

climate adaptation: Adjusting practices, processes, and structures to minimize the damage caused by climate change while maximizing opportunities for resilience.