Conversion therapy

Definition

Conversion therapy refers to a range of practices aimed at changing an individual's sexual orientation or gender identity, often based on the belief that non-heteronormative identities are pathological. These practices can include psychological treatments, behavioral modifications, and even physical interventions. Conversion therapy is widely discredited by major medical organizations and has been linked to severe psychological harm, making it a significant focal point in the global LGBTQ+ rights movement.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Conversion therapy has been condemned by numerous major medical organizations including the American Psychological Association and the World Health Organization, which argue it is ineffective and harmful.
2. In many places around the world, conversion therapy is still practiced despite its disrepute, often under the guise of religious or cultural beliefs.
3. Research has shown that individuals who undergo conversion therapy are at a significantly higher risk for mental health issues compared to those who are accepted for their sexual orientation or gender identity.
4. Several countries and states have enacted laws banning conversion therapy practices for minors, reflecting a growing recognition of its harms.
5. Activists continue to campaign against conversion therapy globally, highlighting its connection to broader issues of discrimination and violence against LGBTQ+ individuals.

Review Questions

• What are some common methods associated with conversion therapy, and how do they reflect societal attitudes toward LGBTQ+ individuals?
  • Common methods of conversion therapy include talk therapies aimed at altering thoughts about sexuality or gender identity, aversive conditioning techniques, and sometimes physical punishment. These methods reflect societal attitudes that view non-heteronormative identities as deviant or wrong. The persistence of such practices illustrates deep-seated biases and a lack of acceptance within certain communities, emphasizing the need for continued advocacy for LGBTQ+ rights.
• Discuss the role of medical organizations in opposing conversion therapy and the impact of their stance on public policy.
  • Medical organizations like the American Psychological Association have taken a firm stance against conversion therapy, labeling it as harmful and ineffective. Their opposition has significantly influenced public policy by providing scientific evidence that supports bans on these practices in various jurisdictions. This advocacy has led to increased awareness about the mental health risks associated with conversion therapy and has helped foster a more accepting environment for LGBTQ+ individuals.
• Evaluate the global differences in the acceptance of LGBTQ+ rights and the prevalence of conversion therapy practices across various cultures.
  • The acceptance of LGBTQ+ rights varies widely around the world, affecting the prevalence of conversion therapy. In some regions, particularly where conservative religious beliefs dominate, conversion therapy is commonly practiced and accepted. Conversely, countries with progressive attitudes towards LGBTQ+ rights tend to enact laws against such practices. The differences illustrate how cultural contexts shape policies and attitudes toward sexual orientation and gender identity, highlighting a global struggle for equality where some nations are advancing while others regress.

Related terms

LGBTQ+ Rights: The rights and protections afforded to individuals identifying as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and others who fall outside of heterosexual and cisgender norms.

Psychological Harm: The negative mental health effects resulting from harmful practices, such as conversion therapy, which can include anxiety, depression, and suicidal thoughts.

Advocacy:

The active support and promotion of causes related to the rights and well-being of marginalized groups, including efforts to end conversion therapy.