Denaturation

Definition

Denaturation is the process by which a protein loses its native structure due to external stress, such as heat or pH changes. This loss of structure results in the loss of biological function.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Denaturation is often caused by heat, extreme pH levels, or chemical agents.
2. Denaturation disrupts the secondary and tertiary structures of proteins but does not break peptide bonds.
3. Once denatured, proteins can sometimes refold back to their original structure if the denaturing agent is removed.
4. Denatured enzymes lose their catalytic activity because their active sites are altered.
5. Egg whites turning from clear to opaque when cooked is a common example of protein denaturation.

Review Questions

• What are some common causes of protein denaturation?
• Does denaturation affect peptide bonds within the protein?
• Can denatured proteins regain their original structure?

Related terms

Protein Folding: The process by which a protein assumes its functional three-dimensional shape.

Catalysis: The acceleration of a chemical reaction by a catalyst, often an enzyme in biological contexts.

Peptide Bond: A covalent bond linking two consecutive amino acid monomers along a peptide or protein chain.