Hibernation

Definition

Hibernation is a state of dormancy in animals characterized by low metabolic activity, reduced body temperature, and slowed physiological functions. It is an adaptation to survive periods of harsh environmental conditions, such as extreme cold or food scarcity.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Hibernation involves significant metabolic depression to conserve energy during unfavorable conditions.
2. Animals like bears, bats, and ground squirrels are well-known hibernators.
3. During hibernation, heart rate and respiration rates are significantly reduced.
4. Hibernation can last from several days to months depending on the species and environment.
5. Hibernation differs from daily torpor in its duration and depth of metabolic suppression.

Review Questions

• What physiological changes occur in an animal's body during hibernation?
• Which animals are commonly known to undergo hibernation?
• How does hibernation differ from daily torpor?

Related terms

Torpor:

A short-term state of decreased physiological activity in animals, usually lasting for a few hours or overnight.

Estivation: A period of dormancy similar to hibernation but occurring during hot or dry periods instead of cold ones.

Metabolic Rate: The rate at which an organism uses energy to maintain basic bodily functions while at rest.