Estuaries

Definition

Estuaries are coastal water bodies where freshwater from rivers and streams meets and mixes with saltwater from the ocean. They are dynamic environments characterized by varying salinity levels and high biological productivity.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Estuaries serve as critical habitats for many marine species, providing spawning grounds and nurseries.
2. They act as natural filters, improving water quality by trapping pollutants and sediments.
3. Estuaries are highly productive ecosystems due to nutrient-rich waters from both terrestrial and marine sources.
4. Tidal action in estuaries causes constant mixing of fresh and saltwater, creating unique brackish conditions.
5. Human activities such as pollution, overfishing, and land development pose significant threats to estuary health.

Review Questions

• What role do estuaries play in the life cycles of many marine organisms?
• How do estuaries contribute to water quality improvement?
• What are the primary threats to estuary ecosystems?

Related terms

Wetlands: Wetlands are areas where water covers the soil or is present at or near the surface for part of the year, supporting aquatic plants.

Brackish Water: Brackish water is a mix of fresh and saltwater typically found in estuarine environments.

Mangroves: Mangroves are coastal forests found in tropical regions that help stabilize shorelines and provide habitat for diverse species.