Endocrine cells

Definition

Endocrine cells are specialized cells that release hormones directly into the bloodstream. These hormones act as signaling molecules to regulate various physiological processes in the body.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Endocrine cells are part of the endocrine system, which includes glands like the thyroid, pituitary, and adrenal glands.
2. Hormones released by endocrine cells can affect distant target cells and organs by binding to specific cellular receptors.
3. The release of hormones from endocrine cells can be regulated through feedback mechanisms involving other hormones or physiological changes.
4. Endocrine cells play a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis by regulating metabolism, growth, and development.
5. Disorders of endocrine cells can lead to diseases such as diabetes mellitus, hyperthyroidism, and Addison's disease.

Review Questions

• What is the primary function of endocrine cells?
• How do hormones released by endocrine cells reach their target organs?
• Name two disorders associated with malfunctioning endocrine cells.

Related terms

Hormone: A chemical substance produced in the body that regulates and controls the activity of certain cells or organs.

Receptor: A protein molecule that receives and responds to specific chemical signals such as hormones.

Feedback Mechanism: A process that uses conditions of one component to regulate the function of another, often seen in hormonal regulation.