Elastic cartilage

Definition

Elastic cartilage is a type of connective tissue that provides both strength and flexibility due to its unique composition, which includes a dense network of elastic fibers. This specialized tissue supports structures that require resilience and shape retention, like the external ear and the epiglottis. Elastic cartilage is crucial for maintaining the integrity of these structures while allowing them to bend and return to their original form.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Elastic cartilage contains a high density of elastic fibers, which allows it to stretch and return to its original shape without damage.
2. It is more flexible than hyaline cartilage but provides less support than fibrocartilage.
3. Elastic cartilage is primarily found in structures such as the outer ear (pinna), the epiglottis, and parts of the larynx.
4. The matrix of elastic cartilage includes collagen fibers along with the abundant elastic fibers, giving it both strength and flexibility.
5. Elastic cartilage has a limited capacity for repair compared to other types of cartilage due to its poor blood supply.

Review Questions

• How does the structure of elastic cartilage enable its specific functions in the body?
  • The structure of elastic cartilage, with its dense network of elastic fibers alongside collagen fibers, enables it to provide both strength and flexibility. This unique composition allows structures such as the outer ear to maintain their shape while being able to bend easily. The presence of chondrocytes within the matrix also plays a critical role in maintaining the integrity and functionality of the tissue.
• Compare and contrast elastic cartilage with hyaline and fibrocartilage in terms of structure and function.
  • Elastic cartilage differs from hyaline cartilage primarily in its higher content of elastic fibers, which allows for greater flexibility. While hyaline cartilage provides a smooth surface for joint movement and some structural support, fibrocartilage is denser and better suited for absorbing shock in areas like intervertebral discs. In contrast, elastic cartilage supports flexible structures such as the external ear while retaining shape. Each type serves distinct roles based on its structural properties.
• Evaluate the clinical implications associated with injuries or degeneration of elastic cartilage in the human body.
  • Injuries or degeneration of elastic cartilage can lead to functional impairments in structures like the ear or epiglottis, affecting both appearance and vital processes such as breathing. Due to its limited capacity for repair, damage may result in permanent alterations or loss of function, emphasizing the importance of early intervention. Furthermore, understanding the unique characteristics of elastic cartilage aids healthcare professionals in developing effective treatment plans for related conditions.

Related terms

Hyaline cartilage: A smooth, glassy type of cartilage found in joints, the rib cage, and the nose that provides support with some flexibility.

Fibrocartilage: A tough, dense form of cartilage that provides support and absorbs shock, commonly found in intervertebral discs and joint capsules.

Chondrocytes:

Cells found in cartilage that produce and maintain the cartilaginous matrix, which includes fibers and ground substance.