Centrioles

Definition

Centrioles are cylindrical organelles composed mainly of a protein called tubulin. They play a crucial role in cell division by helping to organize the mitotic spindle and ensuring proper chromosome separation.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Centrioles are found in most eukaryotic cells, typically located near the nucleus in a region called the centrosome.
2. Each centriole is made up of nine triplets of microtubules arranged in a cylinder.
3. Centrioles duplicate once per cell cycle, typically during the S phase.
4. During mitosis, centrioles help form the spindle fibers that separate chromosomes into daughter cells.
5. Centrioles also play a role in forming cilia and flagella, which are important for cell movement and sensory functions.

Review Questions

• What is the primary function of centrioles during cell division?
• In what part of the cell are centrioles typically located?
• How often do centrioles duplicate during the cell cycle?

Related terms

Microtubules:

Cylindrical structures made of tubulin that form part of the cytoskeleton and provide structural support to cells.

Mitotic Spindle: A structure composed of microtubules that segregates chromosomes into daughter cells during mitosis.

Centrosome: A cellular structure involved in organizing microtubules and regulating the cell cycle; it contains two centrioles.