Probability measures the likelihood of an event occurring, expressed as a number between 0 and 1. It is a fundamental concept in both pure and applied mathematics, often used to model uncertainty.
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An integral where either the interval of integration is infinite or the integrand has an infinite discontinuity.
Probability Density Function (PDF): A function that describes the likelihood of a random variable taking on a particular value, with its integral over all possible values equal to 1.
Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF): A function that represents the probability that a random variable will take on a value less than or equal to a given point.