Act utilitarianism is a moral framework that evaluates the ethicality of actions based on their consequences, specifically aiming to maximize overall happiness or utility. Unlike rule utilitarianism, which focuses on adherence to rules that generally promote the greatest good, act utilitarianism considers each individual action's impact and chooses the one that results in the highest net positive outcome. This approach is particularly relevant in biotechnology ethics, where decisions can significantly affect human health and well-being.
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