Carbon capture and storage

Definition

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a technology that captures carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions produced from the use of fossil fuels in electricity generation and industrial processes, preventing CO2 from entering the atmosphere. This process involves capturing CO2 at the source, transporting it to a storage site, and then injecting it deep underground into geological formations for long-term isolation. CCS is viewed as a crucial component in the transition to greener technologies and sustainable innovation by mitigating the impacts of climate change.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. CCS technology can capture up to 90% of the CO2 emissions from the source, making it an effective tool for reducing greenhouse gases.
2. The captured CO2 can be stored in depleted oil and gas fields or deep saline aquifers, ensuring it does not contribute to climate change.
3. Implementing CCS at a large scale requires significant investment in infrastructure and technology development.
4. CCS is often combined with bioenergy (BECCS), where biomass is used for energy production and the resulting CO2 is captured, resulting in negative emissions.
5. Government policies and incentives play a vital role in promoting CCS adoption as part of broader climate change mitigation strategies.

Review Questions

• How does carbon capture and storage contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions?
  • Carbon capture and storage directly contributes to reducing greenhouse gas emissions by capturing up to 90% of CO2 produced from fossil fuel combustion before it can enter the atmosphere. This technology helps industries transition towards lower carbon footprints by allowing them to continue using fossil fuels while mitigating their environmental impact. By effectively storing CO2 underground, CCS plays a significant role in combating climate change.
• Evaluate the economic implications of implementing carbon capture and storage technology in industries reliant on fossil fuels.
  • Implementing carbon capture and storage technology in fossil fuel-dependent industries presents both challenges and opportunities. On one hand, the initial investment costs for CCS infrastructure can be substantial, potentially leading to higher operating costs for companies. On the other hand, CCS can provide a pathway for these industries to remain viable while meeting regulatory requirements related to emissions. Additionally, successful implementation can lead to new job creation in technology development and infrastructure maintenance, positively impacting the economy.
• Critically analyze the role of government policies in promoting carbon capture and storage as a solution for sustainable innovation.
  • Government policies play a crucial role in promoting carbon capture and storage by providing incentives such as tax credits, grants, and funding for research and development. These policies encourage investment in CCS technologies and help lower the financial barriers for industries looking to adopt such solutions. However, without strong regulatory frameworks and long-term commitments from governments, the adoption of CCS may not reach its full potential. As a result, a comprehensive approach that combines public policy support with private sector innovation is necessary to establish CCS as a key player in sustainable innovation efforts.

Related terms

Carbon Sequestration: The process of capturing and storing atmospheric carbon dioxide, which can occur naturally or through engineered methods.

Fossil Fuels: Natural substances such as coal, oil, and natural gas that are used for energy but release significant amounts of carbon dioxide when burned.

Renewable Energy: Energy derived from resources that are replenished naturally, such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power, which produce little to no carbon emissions.